By Paul R Salmon FCILT, FSCM
Introduction: Beyond a Logistics Backbone
In the past, defence supply chains were often viewed as a supporting function—necessary, but not central to operational advantage. Today, they are increasingly recognised as a strategic asset: a decisive factor in military readiness, resilience, and the ability to project power globally. In an era of contested domains and constrained resources, supply chains are no longer just “enablers”; they are part of the battle-space.
1. Why Supply Chains are Strategic in Defence
Operational Readiness A force is only as effective as its ability to sustain operations. From munitions availability to spare parts for frontline platforms, supply chains are critical to maintaining tempo and endurance. A well-orchestrated supply chain can mean the difference between operational success and mission failure. Resilience in the Face of Disruption Modern conflicts, pandemics, and geopolitical tensions (e.g., contested shipping lanes or sanctions) have highlighted vulnerabilities in global supply chains. For defence, building resilience into these networks is a strategic imperative. Technological Edge Defence supply chains are the conduits for advanced technology—from AI-enabled logistics platforms to additive manufacturing in deployed environments. They also play a critical role in ensuring cybersecurity and protection against supply chain attacks. Sovereignty and Strategic Autonomy In times of crisis, nations cannot rely solely on global markets. Defence supply chains underpin national sovereignty by ensuring access to critical materials, skills, and industrial capabilities.
2. From Cost Centre to Strategic Capability
Traditionally, supply chains were optimised for cost and efficiency. In defence, this mindset must shift:
From “Just in Time” to “Just in Case” Stockpiling, alternative suppliers, and forward-deployed stores increase costs but provide resilience. Investing in Data and Visibility A strategic supply chain requires real-time data to support decision-making. Digital twins and predictive analytics are becoming critical enablers. Partnering with Industry Defence primes and SMEs are part of the extended supply chain. Strategic relationships and shared risk models are vital.
3. Lessons from Recent Conflicts
The Ukraine conflict has demonstrated the importance of agile and robust supply chains. From fuel and ammunition distribution to the rapid deployment of humanitarian aid, logistics has been central to sustaining operations. Defence planners must ask:
How quickly can we surge production? Do we have alternative supply routes if primary ones are contested? Are we prepared for a prolonged conflict that strains global supply networks?
4. Enabling Defence Supply Chains as a Strategic Asset
To elevate supply chains to the level of strategic capability, defence organisations should:
✅ Adopt a Whole Force Approach
Integrate military, civilian, and contractor supply networks.
✅ Invest in Skills and Professionalism
Supply chain professionals need recognition equal to other defence specialisms. Accreditation, CPD, and career pathways are key.
✅ Embrace Innovation
From autonomous resupply drones to additive manufacturing at the point of need, technological innovation can build agility.
✅ Plan for Sustainability
Green logistics and circular economy principles aren’t optional; they are part of future operational credibility.
Conclusion: The Strategic Advantage
Defence supply chains are no longer a “back-office” function. They are force multipliers and a strategic differentiator. Nations that recognise this, and invest accordingly, will gain a decisive advantage in a world where supply chain disruption is increasingly a weapon of war.
